| 郭超,王超,李跃,杜思雨,刘艳丽.复配精油对粮油中霉菌防治的增效作用及机理研究[J].中国粮油学报,2024,39(4):25-33 |
| 复配精油对粮油中霉菌防治的增效作用及机理研究 |
| Synergistic Effect and Preliminary Study on Mechanism of Compound Essential oil on Mold Control in Cereals and Oils |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-09 修订日期：2023-06-20 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 植物精油 复配增效 防霉机理 牛至精油 山苍子精油 肉桂醛 |
| 英文关键词:plant essential oil compound synergism antifungal mechanism oregano essential oil litsea cubeba essential oil cinnamaldehyde |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目），“十三五”国家重点研发计划 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 开发新型天然防霉剂控制粮食霉变是保障粮食质量安全的重要途径之一。为研究复配植物精油对粮油储藏过程中常见霉菌赭曲霉(Aspergillus ochrator)、黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)和黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)的防霉效果，挑选活性较强的植物精油进行复配并对联合防霉效果进行评价。通过复配植物精油对霉菌孢子萌发、菌丝干重和细胞完整性的影响，对其防霉机理进行初步探究。结果显示，牛至精油对赭曲霉和黑曲霉的防霉效果最好，抑菌圈直径分别为（27.83±0.58 ）、（15.33±0.29）mm，肉桂醛对黄曲霉的防霉效果最好，抑菌圈直径为（18.50±0.87 ）mm；山苍子精油与牛至精油、肉桂醛与牛至精油复配体积比为2：8时对3种霉菌的防霉效果较优；通过对部分抑菌浓度指数判读，两组植物精油复配对黑曲霉和赭曲霉的防治效果为协同作用，对黄曲霉的防治效果为相加作用；山苍子精油与牛至精油按体积比2：8复配可抑制霉菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长、破坏细胞的完整性、改变孢子和菌丝结构；山苍子精油和牛至精油按体积比2：8复配施用于含黄曲霉的玉米上，可有效降低玉米中黄曲霉毒素B1和赭曲霉毒素的含量。本研究为山苍子精油与牛至精油复配作为防霉剂提供理论支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Developing new natural antiseptic agent to control grain mildew is one of the most important ways to ensure grain quality and safety. In order to study the antifungal effect of compound plant essential oils on Aspergillus ochrator, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, which are common molds during the storage process of grain and oil, mixed plant essential oils with strong activity and evaluated the antifungal effect of the compound plant oil. The antifungal mechanism was preliminarily explored through the influence of the compound plant essential oil on the spore germination, dry weight of mycelium and cell integrity. The results showed that oregano essential oil had the best antifungal effect on A.ochrator and A.niger, the diameter of inhibition zone was (27.83±0.58) mm and (15.33±0.29) mm respectively, and cinnamaldehyde had the best antifungal effect on A.flavus, the diameter of inhibition zone was (18.5±0.87) mm. When the volume ratio of litsea cubeba essential oil and oregano essential oil, cinnamaldehyde and oregano essential oil was 2:8, the antifungal effect on the three kinds of mold was better. According to fractional inhibitory concentration index, the control effects of the two groups of compound plant essential oil on A. niger and A. ochrator were synergistic, and the control effects on A. flavus were additive.The combination of litsea cubeba essential oil and oregano essential oil in a volume ratio of 2:8 could inhibit the germination and growth of mold spores and mycelium, destroy the integrity of cells, and change the microscopic morphology of spores and mycelium. The combination of litsea cubeba essential oil and origano essential oil in a volume ratio of 2:8 applied to corn containing A.flavus could effectively reduce the concentration of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin.This study provides theoretical support for the application of the combination of litsea cubeba essential oil and oregano essential oil as antiseptic. |
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