祁智慧,张海洋,田琳,王鹏杰,唐芳,丁轲.北方储藏稻谷真菌多样性分析[J].中国粮油学报,2020,35(5):123-
北方储藏稻谷真菌多样性分析
Analysis of the Fungi Diversity on Stored Paddy in Northern China
投稿时间:2019-08-13  修订日期:2019-11-21
DOI:
中文关键词:  储藏稻谷,真菌鉴定,优势菌群,储藏条件,真菌多样性
英文关键词:storage of paddy, fungal identification, dominant flora, storage conditions, fungal diversity
基金项目:2016年重点研发计划食品专项(2016YFD0401003),2017年重点研发计划食品专项(2017YFD0401003)
作者单位邮编
祁智慧 北京农学院 102206
张海洋 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院 
田琳 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院 
王鹏杰 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院 
唐芳* 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院 
丁轲 北京农学院 
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中文摘要:
      本研究选择北方有代表性的地区,以高大平房仓常规储存的稻谷为研究对象,根据仓内储藏环境的差异进行分点分层取样。采用传统方法进行真菌分离纯化,通过形态学和分子系统学相结合进行菌株的分类鉴定,通过研究真菌分布为稻谷储藏过程监控提供一定的指导。结果表明,我国北方地区稻谷储藏期含水量为13.6% ~ 15.6%,每个省储藏稻谷真菌菌落总数范围在103 ~ 104 CFU/g之间;北方储藏稻谷共分离出58种真菌,分布于2门,4纲,6目,13科,16属,主要优势菌阿姆斯特丹曲霉Aspergillus amstelodami和多育曲霉Aspergillus proliferans被划分为灰绿曲霉群及其近缘类群,这类真菌对于仓储环境的适应性较强,可作为北方粮堆异常粮情早期监测预警的主要指示菌群;粮堆上层或靠近墙壁等易受环境温度影响的位置,易达到储藏真菌的生长条件,优势菌群由初始的田间和过渡真菌演替为储藏真菌,是高大平房仓稻谷储存过程中需要重点关注的位置。确定储藏稻谷的优势菌群及仓房重点关注位置,为北方稻谷储藏过程提了供技术指导。
英文摘要:
      In this study, we selected typical areas in the north, and took the conventional storage of paddy in large warehouses as the research object. We sampled the paddy in different points and layers according to the difference of storage environment in warehouses. Traditional methods were used to separate and purify fungi, the classification and identification of strains were carried out by combining morphology with molecular biology, and the study of fungal distribution provided some guidance for the monitoring of paddy storage process. The results showed that the moisture content of paddy in the storage period in northern China was 13.6 % ~ 15.6 %, and the total number of fungal colonies in each province ranged from 103 ~ 104 CFU/g. 58 species of fungi were isolated from northern storage paddy, which were distributed in 2 phyla, 4 classes, 6 orders, 13 families and 16 genera. The main dominant fungi Aspergillus amstelodami and Aspergillus proliferans are classified into Aspergillus glaucus group and its related groups. These fungi have strong adaptability to the storage environment, and can be used as the main indicator group for the early monitoring and warning of abnormal grain conditions in the northern grain piles. The upper layer or near the wall of the grain piles is vulnerable to the influence of ambient temperature, and it is easy to reach the growth conditions of stored fungus, the dominant flora is replaced by the initial field and intermediate fungi as storage fungi, which is the focus of attention in the storage of paddy in large warehouses. Determine the dominant flora of the storage of paddy and the key locations in the warehouse, which can provide technical guidance for the northern paddy storage process.
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